To close the perforation, an osteotomy is initiated on the palatal wall of the socket with a 2 mm osteotome (Fig.5 insert: circle).  As the osteotomy is being enlarged by a 3 mm osteotome, the bone between the original socket (i.e., perforation) and the osteotomy is being pushed buccally.  The former is being closed (Fig.5).

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Xin Wei, DDS, PhD, MS 1st edition 05/06/2014, last revision 01/19/2018