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A 58-year-old man requests extraction of the tooth #19 with supraocclusion (Fig.1). After extraction, the septal gingiva has to be sectioned to remove underlying granulation tissue thoroughly. The buccal plate is missing. 58岁男曾经做过两个植牙，左上7即刻种植，术后植体周围炎，植骨两次效果不佳，仍然勉强使用（材料未显示）；左下7在别处拔除，好像没有植骨，后来徒手种植（5.5x11.5毫米），牙冠粘固后三年多，仿佛没有不适（图一）。当它的邻牙出现疼痛时（伴有根分叉吸收感染， *），
Xin Wei, DDS, PhD, MS 1st edition 01/22/2020, last revision 07/03/2021