Extraction of the fractured tooth at #21 is as difficult as #19 (requiring incision).  Because of the long root and hemorrhage, the apex of the tooth (Fig.1 black *) and a thin layer of the buccal shield (white *) remain when osteotomy is initiated.

Difficult Extraction Last Next

Xin Wei, DDS, PhD, MS 1st edition 02/26/2019, last revision 02/26/2019