Fig.3: Root canal therapy of the lower right 2nd premolar has been done without any symptom more than two years.  Radiolucency below the apex may be the mental loop, because there is some distance between them.  Red dashed line: upper border of the inferior alveolar canal.

Immediate Implant and loop Last Next

Xin Wei, DDS, PhD, MS 1st edition 11/24/2013, last revision 10/28/2019