Fig.1: A 50-year-old man has mild pain in the upper left 1st bicuspid (#12) 3 years after root canal retreatment with placement of two posts.  The tooth has periapical or periradicular radiolucency (<).  Although the 2nd bicuspid has also radiolucency, percussion is more severe associated with #12 than #13.  Exploratory surgery 4 months before extraction confirms root fracture.

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Xin Wei, DDS, PhD, MS 1st edition 02/23/2013, last revision 03/21/2020