A 76-year-old man requests emergency root canal therapy (RCT) for the lower right 2nd molar (Fig.1: #31, PA taken 5 year earlier).  The tooth has been heavily restored.  One of restorations is lost.

Taps Form Osteotomy

Xin Wei, DDS, PhD, MS 1st edition 11/25/2014, last revision 11/26/2014