A 69-year-old woman requests conversion of the lower RPD to implant restoration.  Initially implants are going to be placed at #19, 28, 29, and 31 (Fig.1,2).  When making guide(s), please use #18 residual roots as a distal stopper (Fig.1) if practical.

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Xin Wei, DDS, PhD, MS 1st edition 08/09/2021, last revision 08/10/2021