Since there is an apical space (Fig.8 <), the implant is then placed ~ 1mm deeper with ~ 30 Ncm (Fig.9 arrow).  A longer cuffed abutment is inserted and more bone graft is placed (*).  In summary, roots in the sockets do not seem to help free hand osteotomy in the lower 1st molar. 最后再改变方向，植入植体，放置基台，植骨（图九：*），临时牙冠。Roots in Place     Last     Next   Xin Wei, DDS, PhD, MS 1st edition 07/09/2020, last revision 11/04/2020