Before 11 y	After 14 y

  Spaces Unclosed

A 11-year-old woman does not have UL3 and LL5 congenitally with retention of their precedent teeth (Fig.1,3,5,7,9 C, E).  Her mother rejects implant option and insists on non-extraction orthodontics.  When alignment is achieved, she notes the midline issue (dashed line in Fig.1) and agrees upon extraction (UR4 and LR5).  The total treatment is 2 years 7 months.  A major drawback is unclosed spaces.  Power chains should be used as early as possible for extraction cases.

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Xin Wei, DDS, PhD, MS 1st edition 10/21/2018, last revision 10/21/2018